Résumé
The importance of voluntary standards has grown in recent years, contributing to higher growth rates in international trade, especially in agricultural products, than achieved in many more traditional markets. Voluntary standards (or private standards) are standards developed by non-governmental entities such as businesses, not-for-profit organizations or initiatives involving multiple stakeholders. Since the 1990s voluntary standards have become increasingly important in international trade and a considerable share of agricultural exports comply with them. While researchers and practitioners seem to agree that voluntary standards are a tool to improve livelihoods and foster export opportunities in developing countries, it is the producer's specific circumstances and the certification options at hand that largely determine whether certification to a voluntary standard is worthwhile. Voluntary standards make most sense when they represent an opportunity for producers to become integrated into global value chains, enhance income predictability and build closer relationships to buyers providing upgrading opportunities.
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Extrait
Voluntary Standards in Developing Countries
The importance of voluntary standards has grown in recent years, contributing to higher growth rates in international trade, especially in agricultural products, than achieved in many more traditional markets. The advantages of complying with particular standards need to be carefully assessed to see whether significant gains are obtainable. The benefits that can be achieved through compliance may be extensive and justify the efforts required to obtain certification. Institutional support can deliver improved outcomes...
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