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This article aims to address the European Union's new trade policy, expressed by the European Commission Communication "Global Europe: Competing in the World", and the ongoing negotiations to form the EU-Mercosur FTA. The Communication selected Mercosur as a priority, based on two economic criteria: The market potential and the level of protection against EU exports. Mercosur also considers such an agreement as a top priority in its agenda since it already has the EU as its main trade partner and faces many tariff and non-tariff barriers to its exports to the bloc. However, the ongoing negotiations among the two blocs that began in 1999 are still far from conclusion.
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Regeste
Art. 29 Abs. 1 und 2, Art. 30 Abs. 1 BV; Art. 6 Ziff. 1 EMRK; Art. 43 Abs. 1 und Art. 61 lit. c ATSG; Art. 59 Abs. 3 IVG; Art. 72bis IVV (in Kraft bis 31. März 2011); Einholung von Administrativ- und Gerichtsgutachten bei Medizinischen Abklärungsstellen (MEDAS); Wahrung eines fairen Verwaltungs- und Beschwerdeverfahrens.
Regeste
Grundlagen (E. 1). Verfassungs- und konventionsrechtliche Einwendungen gegen Begutachtungen durch die MEDAS (E. 1.1). Rechts-, insbesondere tarifvertragliche Grundlagen der MEDAS-Begutachtungen (E. 1.2.1 und 1.2.2). Ergebnisse der Instruktion (E. 1.2.3-1.2.5). Unabhängigkeit der MEDAS nach geltender Rechtsprechung (E. 1.3) im Lichte der Praxis der Konventionsorgane (E. 1.4).
Regeste
Prüfung der Sach- und Rechtslage aufgrund der gestützt auf das Rechts...
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in international commerce has two distinct meanings. In trade negotiations, the term is used broadly to argue that subsidies and disguised barriers skew the global trade system against developing countries and commodity producers. often pays the producers one-quarter to one-third more than they can get on the open market. But only Fairtrade-labelled products -- that is, those certified by Fairtrade Labeling Organizations International -- imply agreement on a minimum price. labeling initiatives are under way in 15 European countries, while producers are organized into some 3,000 grass-roots organizations, with umbrella structures present in over 50 developing countries. Apart from coffee, bananas and some other fruits and vegetables, ...
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... position to voice concerns and perspectives to national trade officials and propose appropriat...
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... importants, la FINMA, à défaut de perspectives d'assainissement ou si l'assainissement a échoué...
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In an interview, Paola Ghillani, former head of the Max Havelaar fair trade organization in Switzerland, discussed . Ghillani knew that she did not buy fair trade goods herself out of a sense of charity, but because they represented value for money to her. They found a market among people who wanted to buy fresh products and fruit they could safely give to their children. That is how they achieved the target of making Max Havelaar Switzerland self-financing within 18 months. Fair trade means paying producers enough to cover the cost of sustainable production plus the value of their work to enable them to develop themselves, their families and their communities.
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...4.3.4 Perspectives 1110 . 4.4 Réduction de la pauvreté et aide huma...
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Regeste
Beistandspflicht des Stiefelternteils (Art. 278 Abs. 2 ZGB); Bemessung des Unterhaltsbeitrages des Elternteils, dem die elterliche Gewalt nicht zusteht (Art. 285 Abs. 1 ZGB). Bloss subsidiäre Beistandspflicht des Stiefelternteils (E. 2b). Der leistungsfähigere Elternteil hat unter Umständen für den gesamten Barbedarf aufzukommen, wenn der andere dem Kind in umfassender Weise Naturalpflege zukommen lässt (E. 3a/cc). Der Unterhaltsbeitrag des Kindes ist nicht einfach linear nach der finanziellen Leistungskraft der Eltern und ohne jeden Bezug zur konkreten Situation des Kindes zu bemessen. Dass dieses mit finanziell weniger gut gestellten andern Kindern zusammenlebt, ist kein Grund, ihm einen geringeren Unterhaltsbeitrag zuzusprechen (E. 3b/bb). Zur Feststellung der Leistungsfähig...