...On this view, effective demand management limited domestic corporate pressure for protection... to reconcile two genuinely-held objectives during the darkest days of the crisis: to restore ... and China will take aggressive retaliatory steps to defend their commercial interests. A hastily in...
... Based on the differing and general ORM objectives of insurance. companies, both the reporting freque...surveyed now see as the necessary steps for further development?. Independently of the dec...
The importance of voluntary standards has grown in recent years, contributing to higher growth rates in international trade, especially in agricultural products, than achieved in many more traditional markets. Voluntary standards (or private standards) are standards developed by non-governmental entities such as businesses, not-for-profit organizations or initiatives involving multiple stakeholders. Since the 1990s voluntary standards have become increasingly important in international trade and a considerable share of agricultural exports comply with them. While researchers and practitioners seem to agree that voluntary standards are a tool to improve livelihoods and foster export opportunities in developing countries, it is the producer's specific circumstances and the certification o...
... standards vary widely in their objectives and scope. Some standards address a single commodi... leads producers to improve management and monitoring systems, increase productivity, imp...OBTAINING CERTIFICATION. Five steps. Attaining certification varies according to the s...
..., state bodies pursue multiple objectives in their procurement policies and differences in t...These offices being the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the agencies that propose the Fe...Sixth, steps should be taken to limit the informational burdens...
... automatically to achieve desired objectives. In that same vein, an Intelligent Radio is one th... for network, crypto and frequency management tools. The company is a world leader in electronic... which operate across 30 to 88 MHz in 25 kHz steps with 2320 channels and nine pre-sets. These five-W...
In recent policy debates in Europe, the question 'what has competition done for Europe?' has been posed at the highest levels. This question merits careful reflection. Competition as it is understood by mainstream economic and legal scholars refers not to an ideology but to inter-firm rivalry in markets. Such rivalry ensures that consumers enjoy choice, low prices, and good value for money. The authors consider the historical origins and development as well as the current role and effects of competition policy in Europe. The latter includes legal provisions that address anti-competitive practices by firms and activities aimed at promoting competition in respect of potentially anti-competitive government measures. They conclude that such policy has made essential contributions to the hig...
... and would thereby ensure that the objectives of the Treaty were not undermined. It bears noting...Important further steps in this regard were the notice on the relevant mar... to capital requirements and risk-management in banks (BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS 2006)...
...Ambitious Plans . With its strategic objectives for 2005, the Federal Council presents its plan fo.... Sixteen Steps . * Objective 1: Strengthening the educational sys... at developing a national crisis management team and revise existing federal laws to improve s...
International trade in electrical and electronic products is becoming increasingly competitive. To develop their electrotechnical industry sector, to gain access to regional or international markets and to make sure that imported electrical and electronic goods are safe and reliable, developing countries have access to IEC International Standards and Conformity Assessment (CA) systems. The combination of IEC International Standards and CA systems makes products safer and more reliable, increasing consumer confidence and public safety. The IEC, founded in 1906, prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies -- collectively known as electrotechnology. It has 81 members and 81 affiliates. All IEC International Standards are consensus-...
...IEC CA systems reduce the number of steps required to obtain national certification. They ta...Objectives include: encouraging greater awareness and use of ..., the business-to-busmess supply chain management systems for avionics, management of electrostatic ...
This article describes general budget support as an instrument of development cooperation. Based on poverty reduction strategies, poorer developing countries are increasingly receiving general budget support which enables their governments to carry out their core responsibilities more effectively. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and risks are discussed in a holistic approach. In view of aid effectiveness and efficiency, the author draws on an evaluation which was carried out in the context of the DAC/OECD in 2006, as well as on experience made in Switzerland's budget support engagement. He argues that the budget support methodology could also inspire the cooperation with non-governmental organisations.
... priorities, its human resource management, its procurement rules and its accounting systems.... depend on the fulfilment of any reform objectives that have been agreed upon in the dialogue with th...Further steps towards increasing the balance in the partnership ...
...STUDY CONCEPT. Objectives of the study. The study identifies the understandi...changing, these process steps must follow steadily and in harmony. with other co...
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