entrepreneurship theory and practice

• What Competition has Done for Europe*

Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France, managed to erase "free and undistorted competition" from the proposed new EU Treaty as a main aim of the European Union. Afterwards, he asked rhetorically what competition has done for Europe. This article is an attempt to reply to that very important question. The view of competition and its effects among decision-makers is likely to affect numerous policy outcomes. Throughout history, there has been a struggle between freedom and control in Europe. Competition is the result of economic freedom and the absence of interventions in the economy by the state. And it has done very much indeed for Europe. It may be the single most important reason why the average income in Western Europe is 14 times higher today than in 1820. If anything, Europe needs mo...

..., and bureaucracy can suppress entrepreneurship. Taxes or tariffs might decrease economic exchange... a very large extent European, developed in theory and practice in our continent. Still, Europe of to...

• Aussenwirtschaft; Zeitschrift für internationale Wirtshaftsbeziehungen
• Vol. 62 Num. 4, Décembre 2007