There is nearly unanimous consent among WTO practitioners and scholars that the remedy of tariff compensation is legally superior, economically more efficient and socially more beneficial than retaliatory suspension of tariff concessions (tariff retaliation). This article argues in favour of a revitalization of tariff compensation. However, under the current regime compensation is a thoroughly unattractive policy instrument for decision makers having to temporarily opt out of a WTO Agreement in reaction to domestic shocks. Hence, tariff compensation is vastly underused. We examine reasons for the relative unattractiveness of this policy instrument and propose a substantial reform agenda of the WTO agreements and the dispute settlement system, so as to make compensation a policy tool of ...
...), arguably makes retaliation a strong deterrent against breaches of the WTO agreements and induces...
... has developed a flexible, layered deterrent system against attempted attacks, one that reaches...
... B-52s to serve as an airborne nuclear deterrent around the perimeter of the Soviet Union. They als...
...its jurisdiction serves an important deterrent. function and advances an interest in efficient,. ...
... component of the United States nuclear deterrent. . These four Ohio boats--USS-Ohio, USS-Michigan, ...
The SFr 10-a-pack deterrent supported by Swiss President Pascal Couchepin isn'...
Exporters from developing countries are increasingly feeling the pressure to conform to international standards if they are to enter successfully developed country markets. Much has been achieved in various developing countries to construct the requisite quality infrastructure, to enable exporters both to understand the nature and detail of the quality standards to be met and to take the steps to comply with them. The gradual reduction of tariff barriers to facilitate trade has been accompanied by an increase in non-tariff barriers. These consist of technical regulations and sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS), imposed by governments to protect the health and safety of their citizens and the environment, and voluntary standards established by national, regional and international s...
... or using overseas auditors is a deterrent. Developing countries should pay special attention...
... Stun Tank Cartridge which produces only deterrent flash, smoke and sound, allowing tank crews to def...
... dual purpose, high explosive, area deterrent munition, smoke and illumination rounds. A project...
The admittance of amicus curiae briefs in the US-Shrimp/Turtle dispute in 1998 stirred a debate among WTO Member States whether the dispute settlement procedure should be accessible for private individuals and entities. Developing countries firmly opposed the inclusion of amid curiae into the Disupute Settlement Understanding (DSU) and repeated their arguments frequently in cases leading to amicus submissions, fearing a further shift of power in favour of developed countries and changes in the nature of the dispute settlement system. The present article examines these concerns in light of the experience made with amicus submissions in 21 disputes. It will be argued that most of the fears expressed by developing countries are ungrounded and often base on wrong assumptions.
... briefs cannot be regarded as a main deterrent for the participation of LDCs, and certainly not f...
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