In recent policy debates in Europe, the question 'what has competition done for Europe?' has been posed at the highest levels. This question merits careful reflection. Competition as it is understood by mainstream economic and legal scholars refers not to an ideology but to inter-firm rivalry in markets. Such rivalry ensures that consumers enjoy choice, low prices, and good value for money. The authors consider the historical origins and development as well as the current role and effects of competition policy in Europe. The latter includes legal provisions that address anti-competitive practices by firms and activities aimed at promoting competition in respect of potentially anti-competitive government measures. They conclude that such policy has made essential contributions to the hig...
... rise to significant innovations in constitutional and institutional structures. For these reasons, i... reflective of experience in the non-EC EEA states. This reflects both the direct impact of the EEA A... from other models (particularly North American models) in important respects. In addition to the ... approaches to antitrust enforcement of the United States. To be sure, important differences remain b...
..., Liechtenstein successfully joined the United Nations in 1990 and the European Economic Area in ... of his proposed amendment to the constitution, strengthening the powers of the monarchy. . In Au...Usually people believe small states and monarchies are things of the past. So I was no...Do you really think that America will accept this role of 'world policeman'? . I th...
...-Unis et le Brésil sur le continent américain, avec la Chine, l'Inde et le Japon sur le continen... (Economic Community of West African States) . CEDH Cour européenne des Droits de l'Homme . C...(United Nations Convention against Corruption) . Comco Com... l'échec du projet précédent de Constitution européenne, qui avait été rejeté par les élec...
This essay will present the views of a US observer on the politics and substance of the European Commission's proposed new policies toward bilateral and regional trade agreements. It will contrast both the rationale advanced by the Commission and the underlying politics surrounding FTAs with the situations in the United States, particularly the record of the Bush administration "Competitive Liberalisation" policy. It will also describe additional political and security considerations that form the basis for US regional trade policy. Finally, it will advance tentative predictions for the FTA policy in the future.
..., 2006; thus, given that under the US constitution, power over trade policy is granted in the first i... security Strategy of the United States of America," trade became an important strategic element in U...
...2.1. "For the United States of America, X.________ agrees not to develo... est propre à fonder le grief de constitution irrégulière du Tribunal arbitral (ATF 128 III 33...
Although the Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration officially commits World Trade Organization (WTO) members to making significant strides in their negotiations before 30 April 2006, there must be considerable doubt as to whether the Doha Round can be completed in the near to medium term. In this paper I identify several political factors on both sides of the Atlantic that call into question whether the Doha Round of trade negotiations can be successfully completed in 2006. Furthermore, given the presidential elections in France and the United States in 2007 and 2008, respectively, I argue that the next plausible window of opportunity for completing the Doha Round will open in 2009.
... rejection of the proposed European Constitution by French and Dutch voters was thought to be, in p...free trade agreement with the Central American nations. Moreover, given the apparent unpopularity...
... that have defined the evolution of nation states in Latin America. In the case of Argentina it was ... the promulgation of the Argentine constitution in 1853 until 1916, the Conservative forces were d... Britain, France, Germany, Spain and the United States, while still retaining its links with long-...
...The United States does not have diplomatic relations with Cub... Switzerland was inspired by the US Constitution when it formed its federal state in 1848. But ther...
...The United States has long been a force for good throughout t... know, the drafters of the 1848 Swiss Constitution drew heavily from the US Constitution. They were a...
... in other Western European countries, the United States and many of the globe's nascent democracies... among their Western European and North American counter. parts. The main reasons cited for their h... half our states) and the emerging EU constitution and expansion process. . In part, then, my book is...
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