As continue to grow, the international accreditation network, underpinned by internationally agreed standards, plays an essential role in the support of competitive markets and cross-border trade. This is increasingly important as businesses seek to lower costs or satisfy contract terms while maintaining a level of confidence that products are technically compatible, to specification and safe. Since conformity assessment bodies are mostly commercial organizations, accreditation assesses and declares the technical competence of these organizations in order to provide confidence in their results or test data. The development of standards and accreditation systems is spreading to new territories. The International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation network of members...
...In the Asia-Pacific region, APEC (AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation) endorses accred...
This paper traces the linking of trade and security, a characteristic of US foreign economic policy since 2001. It does so with reference to US economic policy in East Asia. We argue that the US has been unable to resist the temptation to link foreign economic and security policy. While there was evidence of the securitisation of economic globalisation in US policy from day one of the BUSH Administration, it was September 11 that firmed up this trend. Ever since, the BUSH government has been seeing globalisation not simply in neoliberal economic terms, but also through the lenses of the national security agenda of the United States. Economic globalisation has been linked to security policy. This trend is evident in East Asia, where the United States has put an emphasis on Free Trade Agr...
..., Asian observers had increasingly evaluated APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) as a tool of A...
Free trade agreements (FTA) are central as instruments of Swiss external trade politics, and high priority in the development of trade relations with countries of Eastern Asia. This article gives an overview of the current restructuring of the marketing area to Eastern Asia by intra- and trans-regional economic agreements.
... Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) und verfolgen damit offziell eine multilaterale A...
... (International Atomic Energy Agency) . APEC Coopération économique pour l'Asie-Pacifique . ...
This article describes the transition to the new commercial-political bilateralism in Eastern Asia since the "Asia crisis" and places these into the context of the Japanese regionalization strategy.
... von ihrer bisherigen WTO-, ASEAN- und APEC-orientierten Politik. Laut HUANG (2003) belief sic...
...APEC Cooperazione economica Asia-Pacifico . (Asia-Pacif...
Bilateral free trade agreements are mushrooming all over the world. The current standstill in multilateral trade negotiations will contribute further to this trend. Since dialogue in the Doha-Round came to a halt in July 2006, bilateral agreements have received additional support. In this paper, the author will analyse the utility of bilateral trade agreements and the systemic disadvantages they have for weaker players. Dispute settlement is a major issue. The question here is whether bilateral dispute settlement is inferior to the multilateral regime. Subsequently he will consider the evidence provided by Australia's Free Trade agreement with the United States as well as the bilateral agreements of Singapore and Thailand. It will be demonstrated that the current wave of bilateral agree...
...-pazifischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (APEC). Nicht minder wichtig ist die Orientierung asiati...
...), die Andengemeinschaft 7 oder die APEC 8 (Asiatisch-pazifisches Zusammenarbeitsforum) al...
As countries turn more to regionalism as a means of forwarding co-operation on trade rules and other areas of policymaking, governments are increasingly incorporating rules on investment into regional trade agreements (RTAs). The Asia-Pacific region is no exception, with many innovative agreements that include disciplines on investment protection and non-discrimination. We analyse the economic consequences of including investment provisions in trade agreements by creating an index of the extensiveness of investment provisions in RTAs and then using that index in a gravity model framework of trade and investment. The results indicate that investment provisions are positively associated with trade and, to an even greater extent, investment flows. Further, we observe an insignificant effec...
...The APEC objective of "free and open trade in services by 2...
Russia's accession to the WTO next year will set the stage for a more active dialogue with the EU on deeper integration and trade liberalisation. In this respect the formation of a FTA with the EU is a necessary, but not a sufficient condition for engaging Russia into an active dialogue on a broad range of political and economic issues. Other modalities of trade liberalisation, including regional cooperation and greater openness to investment would also need to be addressed. The delays in drawing up a new comprehensive framework of EU-Russia cooperation come at a time when the need for a renewed framework is greater than ever, which calls for the speedy launching of talks on the creation of a new comprehensive PCA in the near future.
... the Asia-Pasific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in Hanoi on November 20 2006, Russia final...
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