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Given the sharp rise in crude oil prices and growing awareness of climate change, the potential of biofuels, particularly of bioethanol, has become an ubiquitous topic of public debate and has induced ambitious policy initiatives. The latter are mostly paired with protectionist measures as the examples of the European Union and the United States show, where domestic producers of energy crops are put at an advantage thanks to subsidisation, direct payments and/or favourable tax schemes. Moreover, the EU is working out a mandatory certification scheme for ethanol imports, imposing social and environmental standards which constitute another hurdle for more efficiently produced ethanol originating in the Southern hemisphere. A similar path is taken by Switzerland's revised mineral oil tax l...
... to a small group of countries in return for their efforts to combat drug trafficking were ...With the amended decree on the mineral oil tax law (Mineralölsteue...
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The European Community represents one of the primary destinations for Indian goods, accounting for one fifth of Indian exports. Indian goods have been at the receiving end of a significant majority of anti subsidy investigations initiated by the European Commission. Such goods have been alleged to be benefiting from subsidies inconsistent with Council Regulation 2026/97 which forms the legal basis for anti subsidy investigations initiated by the Commission. The paper puts forth an analysis of India's export incentive schemes including old schemes already subjected to challenge as well as new schemes vulnerable to challenge in future investigations with regard to the Council Regulation 2026/97 and the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.
..., a deviation which could be suitably amended by an amendment to footnote 61 of the SCM which sp...Monthly tax returns filed for domestic sales on a self assessment basi...
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... above – such definition can be amended, substituted by another event or even struck out b... an obligation on the collateral taker to return equivalent property to the collateral provider. Al...
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...income tax return. In the event of noncompliance, the Internal Reven... made, the taxpayer must prepare and file amended or delinquent tax returns (generally for the prior...
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... Senate Bill 766 which would have amended the Government Code sec. 25500, a critical part of...The state's fiscal health cannot return without good corporate health.". Assembly Bill 665...
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The study tries to answer the following questions: Will exposure to world agricultural prices generate more poverty or less? To what extent will households be affected by changes in agricultural trade polices? Do multilateral agricultural liberalization matter more than bilateral changes? Results of simulations using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model linked to household survey data suggest that trade liberalization has only modest effects on the level of GDP, but it has a substantial effect in reducing poverty. Moreover, the combined effects of global and domestic liberalization are more pro-poor than the effect of domestic liberalization alone. [PUB ABSTRACT]
...In addition, agricultural trade has been amended by a further protocol, which came into effect in J... Producers are cost-minimisers and constant return to scale is assumed. Output results from a combina...